| Ensembl ID | Symbol | Entrez ID | RBD | RBPome | PRI | Expresion | Pathway | Phenotype | Paralog | Ortholog | GO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) can deaminate adenosine to form inosine. In long double-stranded RNA, this process is non-specific; it occurs site-specifically in RNA transcripts. The former is important in defence against viruses, whereas the latter may affect splicing or untranslated regions. They are primarily nuclear proteins, but a longer isoform of ADAR1 is found predominantly in the cytoplasm. ADARs are derived from the Tad1-like tRNA deaminases that are present across eukaryotes. These in turn belong to the nucleotide/nucleic acid deaminase superfamily and are characterized by a distinct insert between the two conserved cysteines that are involved in binding zinc [2].
Editase (EC) are enzymes that alter mRNA by catalyzing the site-selective deamination of adenosine residue into inosine residue. The editase domain contains the active site and binds three Zn atoms [PUBMED:9159072].
Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA; , Genome Biol 2004;5:209.: Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes. PUBMED:14759252 EPMC:14759252 .
Iyer LM, Zhang D, Rogozin IB, Aravind L;, Nucleic Acids Res. 2011; [Epub ahead of print]: Evolution of the deaminase fold and multiple origins of eukaryotic editing and mutagenic nucleic acid deaminases from bacterial toxin systems. PUBMED:21890906 EPMC:21890906.
