| Ensembl ID | Symbol | Entrez ID | RBD | RBPome | PRI | Expresion | Pathway | Phenotype | Paralog | Ortholog | GO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The repetitive C-terminal domain (CTD) of Rpb1 (RNA polymerase Pol II) plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression. The activity of the CTD is dependent on its state of phosphorylation [1].
RNA polymerase II (EC) [PUBMED:1883205, PUBMED:1700503] is one of the three forms of RNA polymerase that exist in eukaryotic nuclei. The C-terminal region of the largest subunit of this oligomeric enzyme consists of the tandem repeat of a conserved heptapeptide [PUBMED:2251729]. The number of repeats varies according to the species (for example there are 17 in Plasmodium, 26 in yeast, 44 in Drosophila, and 52 in mammals). The region containing these repeats is essential for the function of polymerase II. This repeated heptapeptide (called CT7n or CTD) is rich in hydroxyl groups. It probably projects out of the globular catalytic domain and may interact with the acidic activator domains of transcriptional regulatory proteins. It is also known to bind by intercalation to DNA. RNA polymerase II is activated by phosphorylation. The serine and threonine residues in the CT7n repeats are the target of such phosphorylation.
Lin PS, Marshall NF, Dahmus ME; , Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol 2002;72:333-365.: CTD phosphatase: role in RNA polymerase II cycling and the regulation of transcript elongation. PUBMED:12206456 EPMC:12206456.
